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Chairman's Conclusions International Forum on "Energy and Environmental Opportunities in the Russian State Research Centres and Nuclear Cities", Como, Italy, April 9-10, 2001 An International Working Group For The European Nuclear Cities Initiative 1. Introduction The international community has been engaged in a cooperative effort with Russia to limit the potential spread of weapons of mass destruction for the past decade. Overall the strategy has been aimed at decreasing potential proliferation resulting from materials, technology and expertise and at converting the scientific and technological potential to civil applications. This effort has been primarily focused on addressing specific proliferation threats such as improving the security of materials or funding scientific research projects for individual scientists. Nevertheless many scientists and technicians are still engaged in substantive nuclear weapons work, the scope of this work being substantially reduced from Cold War levels, and the related financing has been commensurately cut. This has created a situation where there is excess expertise that might be attractive to potential proliferators. The implementation of the existing efforts, and the knowledge and relationships that they have created, now have led to a point appropriate for the development and implementation of a more comprehensive strategy to address the underlying causes of proliferation concern, including chronic financial problems and significant numbers of excess employees. For this reason the conversion and restructuring of the Russian nuclear weapons complex, and in particular its core located in ten Closed Cities (often called Russian Nuclear Cities -RNC), represents one of the most important international security challenges. There are many international nuclear security cooperation programmes with Russia in place. In particular, the EU channels its efforts through the ISTC, while the USA, which also uses this channel, has a number of other related programmes. Russia has contributed greatly to financing the conversion process. However there is a need for an integrated international mechanism to strengthen the strategic coordination among these efforts, and to realign the focus of these different programs, managed by the different governments, so as to prevent an outflow from Russia of nuclear weapons scientific expertise that could be used in proliferating countries. One important issue is that currently there is no integrated international strategy to bring Russian scientists who have promising peaceful research capabilities into partnerships with various agencies and institutions that could result in the further development and commercialisation of new technologies. Some such commercialisation efforts have been carried out in collaboration with private Western companies or financial institutions; for example in partnership with the International Science and Technology Centre (ISTC), Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention (IPP) programme, or using the business development infrastructure put in place by the U.S.-Russian Nuclear Cities Initiative (NCI). However the commercialisation success rate has been low, because the commercialisation of new technology is difficult. So an essential objective in any coherent strategy to prevent proliferation is to take steps to realise in the marketplace the vast potential of expertise and scientific/technical knowledge that exists in the nuclear cities, creating new civil jobs for the excess workers. This should not exclude the financing of basic research, where appropriate. An institutional mechanism is therefore needed to assist with the development of new strategies that can help the West and Russia to achieve their stated non- proliferation goals. This new mechanism can assist with the further coordination of international non-proliferation efforts. This mechanism should be in the form of an "International Working Group" for the European Nuclear Cities Initiative, supported primarily by the European Union. The International Working Group (IWG) should provide a forum for discussions, for exchanging experiences and for establishing possible synergies and financing mechanisms that will result in a strategic alignment of the various RNCs International programmes. Additional funding by EU partners/donors coordinated by the IWG, could establish the financial core of a European Nuclear Cities Initiative (ENCI) to be established as a complementary and synergetic programme with ISTC and with the American initiatives. 2. Organization of the IWG Members of the IWG should include (as appropriate) representatives of:
A Secretariat, headed by an Executive Secretary, will be established in the location of IWG. The Secretariat will be responsible to the IWG for organising its meetings, at least on an annual basis, will sustain the activities of the IWG between two consecutive meetings and will implement the decisions of the IWG on the use of the budget available to it. The nominations of the Chairman, the co-Chair and of the Executive Secretary will be discussed and approved in the first meeting of the IWG. In the first meeting of the IWG a charter of the IWG will also be discussed and approved. The first meeting of the IWG will be convened within the year 2001 by the Italian Government. The proposed initial location of the IWG Secretariat and of the first meeting is in Como, Villa Olmo. 3. Estimated Budget for IWG Management A preliminary estimate for the first year cost of the IWG is 500 K Euro. This estimate includes meetings, organisation of the Secretariat, workshops and related activities. The mechanism for financing is subject to further discussion. A more detailed budget proposal will be presented shortly. Participants List 1) AVRORIN Prof. Ac. Evgenii N., Director Russian Federal Nuclear Center, Institute of Technical Physics-VNIITF, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 2) BARNARD Mr. Ralston, Sandia National Laboratory, 1515 Eubank Boulevard SE, Albuquerque NM 87123, USA 3) BARYCHEVA Dr. Nina, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 4) BELKIN Dr. Victor, Senior Manager, Dept. of International and External Economic Cooperation, MINATOM, 24/26 Bolshaya Ordynka, 101000, Moscow, Russia 5) BRIOUSSOV Mr. Alexandre, Assistant to the Deputy Director General, Department of Nuclear Energy, IAEA, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria 6) BUCHARIN Prof. Oleg, Center for Energy and Environmental Studies, Princeton University, H-102 Engineering Quadrangle, Princeton, N.J. 08544, USA 7) CAVUOTO Eng. Ugo, ENEA, Lungotevere Thaon de Revel, 76, 00196 Rome, Italy 8) CHUKHAREV Dr. Vladimir, Institute of Technical Physics, RFNC-VNIITF, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 9) COLE Mr. Charles, Pacific North West National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard MSIN K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA 10) COTTA-RAMUSINO Prof. Paolo, USPID, LNCV and Dept. of Physics, University of Milano, Via Celoria, 16, 20133 Milano, Italy 11) DELLA RATTA Dr. Raphael, Consortium Coordinator, Russian-American Nuclear Security Advisory Council (RANSAC), Washington DC Office, 1730 Rhode Island Ave. NW, Suite 307, Washington DC 20036, USA 12) DESMOND Dr. William, Director NCI Program, Department of Energy, 1000 Independence Ave., S.W., 7A-049, Washington, DC 20585 USA 13) DOMBROVSKIY Dr. Victor, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 14) DOROFEEV Dr. Konstantin, Director General, MCC Science and Technology Center, 53 Lenin Str., Zheleznogorsk, 662973 Russia 15) DYAKOVA Dr. Elena, Project Manager, Head of Economic Office, VNIIEF-CONVERSIA, 37, Mir Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region, Russia 16) ELENA Dr. Mirco, ITC, Dept. of Physics University of Trento and Fondazione Opera Campana dei Caduti, Rovereto (Trento), Italy 17) EREMIN Dr. A. D., RFNC-VNIIEF, 37, Mir Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region, Russia 18) EVANS Dr. Meredydd, Associate Director, Advanced International Studies Unit, Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Lab., 901, D Street, SW, Suite 900, Washington, DC 20024, USA 19) FATEEV Dr. Vladimir, Head of Department, Kurchatov Institute, pl. Kurchatova 1, Moscow 123182, Russia 20) FULLER Dr. James, Pacific Northwest Center for Global Security, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O.Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA 21) GAMBIER Dr. Didier J., Principal Administrator, General Directorate for Research, International Scientific Cooperation Policy Unit, European Commission, Office SDME 1/59, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium 22) HENRYWOOD Ms. Ruth, Department of Trade and Industry, Nuclear Industries Directorate, 1 Victoria Street, London SW1H 0ET, UK 23) IANNUZZI Cons. Giovanni, General Direction for Political Affairs, Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Piazzale Farnesina, 1, 00194 Rome, Italy 24) KAGRAMANIAN Mr. Vladimir, Planning and Economic Studies Section, Department of Nuclear Energy, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O.Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria 25) KAMENSHCHIK Dr. Alexandr Yu., Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, RAS, Kosygina Str. 2,117940 Moscow, Russia 26) KOUROTCHKINE Mr. Vitaly, VNIPIpromotechnologii, All-Russian Designing and Research Institute of production Engineering, Kashirskoje schosse, 33, 115409 Moscow, Russia 27) KURANOV Dr. Vyacheslav, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 28) LADY Dr. Robert, Counsellor, United States of America Consulate, Pol-Mil Section, Via Principe Amedeo, 2/10, 20121 Milano, Italy 29) LANTIERI Eng. Antonino, Director Assistant, Sustainable Energy Systems Division, ENEA, Via Martiri di Monte Sole, 4, 40129 Bologna, Italy 30) LARSSON Mr. Tor, Expert, Ministry of Defence and the Defence Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden 31) LUONGO Dr. Kenneth N., Director, Russian-American Nuclear Security Advisory Council (RANSAC), Washington DC Office, 1730 Rhode Island Ave. NW, Suite 307, Washington DC 20036, USA 32) MARTELLINI Prof. Maurizio, USPID, University of Insubria, Como and Secretary General Landau Network-Centro Volta, Villa Olmo, Via Cantoni 1, 22100 Como, Italy 33) MEYER Dr. Uwe, Deputy Executive Director (EU), ISTC, Luganskaya Ulitsa 9, 115516 Moscow, Russia 34) MLADINEO Dr. Stephen V., Program Manager International Techn. Ass., Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 901 D Street S.W., Suite 900, Washington, DC 20024-2115, USA 35) MONAKHOVA Dr. Svetlana A., Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIIEF, 37 Mir Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region 607190 Russia 36) NOVITSKY Evgeni, RNFC-VNIIEF, 37, Mir Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region, Russia 37) PALDY Prof. Lester, Director for Technology and Society, Center for Science, Mathematics and Technological Education, State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA 38) PAPUSHKIN Dr. Vitaly, Leading Researcher, Center for Energy Efficiency, 54, Korpus 4, Novocheremushkinskaya St., 117418 Moscow, Russia 39) PONOMARENKO Dr. Tatiana, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 40) RACHKOV Dr. A. V., RNFC-VNIIEF, 37, Mir Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region, Russia 41) RUBANENKO Dr. Nikolai, Center for Systems Research and Development, RFNC-VNIITF, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 42) RYBACHENKOV Dr. Vladimir I., Cousellor, Department for Security Affairs and Disarmament, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, 32/34, Smolenskaya-Sennaya sq., 121200 Moscow, Russia 43) SHAPOVALOV Dr. A. F., RNFC-VNIIEF, 37, Mir Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region, Russia 44) SHAPOVALOVA Dr. Olga, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIIEF, 37 Mir Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region 607190 Russia 45) SHMYGIN Dr. Valeriy, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 46) STOUDENIKINE Dr. Guennadi, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 47) SUOKKO Ms. Kirsten, W. Alton Jones Foundation, 232, E. High Street, Charlottsville, VA 22902, USA 48) TONGUE Ms. Margaret, Non-Proliferation Department, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London SW1, UK 49) TSVETOKHINE Dr. Alexandre, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 50) UPPULURI Dr. Ram, Environmental Defence, 1725 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA 51) URAKSIN Dr. Andrei, Attachè Russian Consulate, Via S. Aquilino 3, 20148 Milano, Italy 52) VON HIPPEL Prof. Frank, Center for Energy & Environmental Studies, Princeton University, H102 Engineering Quadrangle, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA 53) VORONTSOVA Dr. Olga S., Deputy Director of Center for International Relations, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIIEF, 37 Mir Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region 607190 Russia 54) VOZNIOUK Dr. Rodion, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 55) WATSON Mr. Christopher, Business Development Manager, AEA Technology, 329 Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QJ, UK 56) YUDIN Dr. Yuri, Director Analytical Center for Nonproliferation, RFNC-VNIIEF, 10, Muzrukova Avenue, Sarov, Nizhni Novgorod Region 607190, Russia 57) ZATSEPINE Dr. Vladimir, Deputy Director, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 58) ZHIGALOV Prof. Vladimir I., Head of Investment Department, Russian Federal Nuclear Centre VNIIEF, 37 Mir Avenue, Sarov (Arzamas 16), Nizhni Novgorod Region 607190 Russia 59) ZHURAVLEV Dr. Evgeny, Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIITF, Institute of Technical Physics, 456770 Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia 60) ZRODNIKOV Dr. Anatoly, Director General, Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, 1 Bondarenko Sq., 249033, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, Russia DONE AT COMO, ITALY this 10th day of April 2001. |
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